湖南師范大學(xué)-湖南省體能與運(yùn)動(dòng)康復(fù)重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室近期在《Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology》發(fā)表了題為 《Determining the type of aerobic/anaerobic metabolism during exercise in Drosophila using incremental loading exercise》的研究,利用易科泰生態(tài)技術(shù)公司提供的果蠅呼吸代謝測(cè)量儀器技術(shù)方案,結(jié)合果蠅增量負(fù)荷鍛煉器,通過果蠅實(shí)時(shí)呼吸商監(jiān)測(cè),實(shí)現(xiàn)了對(duì)果蠅有氧和無氧鍛煉的分型確定。

三磷酸腺苷(ATP)的及時(shí)供給是維持持續(xù)運(yùn)動(dòng)的先決條件。機(jī)體ATP供能分為三大系統(tǒng):磷酸原系統(tǒng)、糖酵解系統(tǒng)、有氧氧化系統(tǒng)。近年果蠅運(yùn)動(dòng)模型成為研究熱點(diǎn),大量運(yùn)動(dòng)相關(guān)試驗(yàn)依托果蠅開展,但不同運(yùn)動(dòng)強(qiáng)度產(chǎn)生的生理效應(yīng)差異顯著,難以量化運(yùn)動(dòng)作用。現(xiàn)階段果蠅運(yùn)動(dòng)模型僅劃分為常規(guī)運(yùn)動(dòng)與耐力運(yùn)動(dòng),尚無有氧、無氧運(yùn)動(dòng)的分類標(biāo)準(zhǔn),極大限制了果蠅運(yùn)動(dòng)造模相關(guān)研究開展。
二、研究方法與核心設(shè)備
本研究旨在通過遞增負(fù)荷運(yùn)動(dòng)呼吸代謝實(shí)驗(yàn),明確果蠅有氧、無氧運(yùn)動(dòng)對(duì)應(yīng)的負(fù)荷強(qiáng)度。選用7日齡野生型果蠅為實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)象。運(yùn)動(dòng)實(shí)驗(yàn)設(shè)置6個(gè)運(yùn)動(dòng)負(fù)荷梯度:0.31轉(zhuǎn)/秒(E1)、0.45轉(zhuǎn)/秒(E2)、0.59轉(zhuǎn)/秒(E3)、0.71轉(zhuǎn)/秒(E4)、0.83轉(zhuǎn)/秒(E5)、0.91轉(zhuǎn)/秒(E6),另設(shè)空白對(duì)照組;各運(yùn)動(dòng)組果蠅單次急性運(yùn)動(dòng)時(shí)長2.5h,對(duì)照組不進(jìn)行任何運(yùn)動(dòng)處理。運(yùn)動(dòng)結(jié)束后即刻檢測(cè)果蠅無氧、有氧代謝關(guān)鍵酶活性;同時(shí)通過血淋巴乳酸、呼吸代謝(呼吸商)、海藻糖含量與線粒體呼吸檢測(cè)結(jié)果,界定不同負(fù)荷下果蠅的運(yùn)動(dòng)代謝類型。
多功能果蠅呼吸代謝測(cè)量技術(shù)方案:
三、研究結(jié)果
呼吸商RQ(B):靜息組RQ=1.00±0.07;E1~E4與對(duì)照組無差異,以碳水有氧供能(RQ≈1);E5、E6 顯著升高>1,無氧代謝產(chǎn)生CO?增多,RQ上升。

實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果顯示:E2負(fù)荷下果蠅以有氧代謝為主,E6負(fù)荷下以無氧代謝為主。后續(xù)分別采用E2、E6強(qiáng)度對(duì)果蠅進(jìn)行為期2周的長期運(yùn)動(dòng)干預(yù),觀測(cè)心功能、攀爬能力、睡眠狀態(tài)、壽命等生理指標(biāo)變化,結(jié)果證實(shí):兩種負(fù)荷帶來的生理改變規(guī)律與哺乳動(dòng)物長期有氧、無氧運(yùn)動(dòng)后的機(jī)體變化高度吻合。
結(jié)論:果蠅0.45轉(zhuǎn)/秒(E2)運(yùn)動(dòng)以有氧代謝為主,0.91轉(zhuǎn)/秒(E6)運(yùn)動(dòng)以無氧代謝為主。
附部分國內(nèi)果蠅等昆蟲呼吸代謝系統(tǒng)安裝案例與發(fā)表文獻(xiàn)目錄:

從作至右:MAVEn16通道、8通道多功能呼吸代謝、便攜式定制多通道呼吸代謝系統(tǒng)
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